Just like immunization in children, immunization in adults also aims to prevent disease transmission. But many people do not realize the importance of vaccination.
Although not a mandatory program like vaccines in children, adults also need to actually immunized. With vaccination, the body will be protected up to 80 percent. "Although they may be suffering from the disease, but the disease progression is not as bad as people who have not been vaccinated," said Dr.Iris Rengganis, Adult Immunization Task Force members Sp.PD Medicine Specialist Association of Indonesia.
In general there are four types of vaccines that should be adults (aged over 18 years).
1. Hepatitis A Vaccine
Hepatitis A is caused by a virus that attacks the liver and spread through oral contact and clean environment. Hepatitis A vaccine helps the body produce antibodies to survive the onslaught of the disease.
Injections made 2 times the distance of 6 months in the body endurance vaccine about 20 years. "For those who work in the food industry are advised to use special gloves, so as not to transmit or spread of hepatitis A in the consumer," said Iris.
2. Hepatitis B Vaccine
This disease is similar to hepatitis A. However, the disease is transmitted through blood transfusions, sexual relations, and the use of personal items together. This disease can also be transmitted from pregnant women to the fetus. In fetuses born to mothers with hepatitis B, the vaccine will be injected in the body so that antibodies can be quickly formed. The vaccine is given three times the distance of 1 and 6 months.
"Although it has been injected as a child it never hurts to repeat, because the vaccine resistance around 20 years," said Iris.
3. Pneumonia Vaccine
Pneumonia or pneumococcal disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria that fester in the nose and throat. This disease attacks the lower respiratory tract and spread through coughing, sneezing, and when talking. More susceptible to pneumonia attack in people aged over 60 years or those with a low immune system.
There are several types of vaccines with different serotypes bacterial. According to Iris both equally well. Vaccine should be repeated every 5 years.
4. Influenza Vaccine
To 94 percent of influenza deaths in over 45 years of age. Dominated the early symptoms of the disease cough, fever, and muscle aches. "Do not underestimate this disease. Ferocity we've seen how in China," said Iris.
The vaccine is given once a year. Because it is always different disease-causing strains, the vaccine is given every year is different according to the WHO guidance on the most infecting strains.
Several other types of vaccines that can also be taken is the HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer. The vaccine is recommended for girls who are not married. Also available is a meningitis vaccine, typhoid, tetanus, and many more.